Make the AI invisible -- ship it to the user
Kate Migliazzo is Head of Product at Native Frame, a live streaming infrastructure company that serves as the streaming engine under the hood for other businesses. Its customers are typically small to medium-sized businesses that treat video as a core feature but, because video is so specialized, would rather not build it themselves. A long-standing client makes autonomous cameras for youth sports: when a parent or coach hits go live on a game, Native Frame is the infrastructure carrying it. The product is designed around three user types -- the broadcaster behind the camera, the viewer consuming the content, and the developer integrating the APIs.
Migliazzo has been in Austin about 15 years, arriving from Boston in 2013 and originally from the DC suburbs. She leads product at an engineering-driven firm of roughly 40 developers spread across time zones from Austin to Tel Aviv, working largely async over video and Slack. Claude is her go-to tool, and she uses it to continuously build out user profiles, flag inconsistencies, and surface the trade-offs when solving one user's problem starts to cut into another's.
Her sharpest point of view is about velocity and the human in the loop. AI has collapsed user research and prototyping from weeks into hours, but that only relocates the work: the human's job is to evaluate the output, weigh feasibility, and decide when something is actually ready. Her answer to that last question is refreshingly direct -- you put it in front of the user, build a clickable prototype, and live for the instantaneous feedback, positive or not. She is candid that the infinite volume of ideas has its own cost, blurring work-life balance, and that defaulting to AI when lazy carries a real cognitive price.
What animates her now is making AI invisible. Today video models usually live somewhere else -- footage gets shipped off, processed, and returned minutes or days later -- but Native Frame is building a pipeline that treats the model as a first-class citizen sitting right next to the video, working in real time. For a recruitment highlight reel the delay is fine; for a parent on the sidelines watching their kid make an unbelievable move, the clip has to be instant. What keeps her up at night is quieter: the industry is hiring few junior people, and she wonders who will carry the expertise forward once the senior generation moves on.
Read full transcript of interview
What do you do?
I run product for Native Frame, which is a live-streaming infrastructure company. Our customers are typically small to medium-sized businesses who see video as a core feature of their product. But video being so specialized, they prefer not to build it themselves. So that's where we come in.
I see. So you run as a product infrastructure layer for a company like — BombBomb is a good example. They're a mid-sized product that does direct interviews with people, so they need a live communication. They don't want to use a Google Hangout or a Zoom — something that you access, RTMP servers.
Yeah, anything that they want to build native into their product. A good example of a customer that we have a long-standing relationship with is a customer called Replayer. They're based out of LA. They build autonomous cameras for youth sports. So if you're a parent that's live-streaming, or a coach that's live-streaming or recording that game, we're sort of the streaming engine under the hood.
I'm trying to think who else is in town. LadoKu does something. I know them.
Yeah, we've met with them.
I guess FloSports as well, but they're their own entity, their own big thing.
Yeah, a much smaller FloSports would be a type of customer that we would work with.
You're working in the live-streaming space, which is actually human-oriented, which is good. So it's a little bit of a moat as opposed to all of the AI stuff that's being developed right now. Are you using any AI tools in your product roadmap?
Yeah. From a product standpoint, we design for three user types. The first one being the broadcaster — the person who's sitting behind the camera. Could be a parent, could be an event organizer. They're the ones who's going to hit go-live. The second is the viewer, the fans, the audience, those that are consuming that content. And the third is going to be the developer who's integrating our APIs into their platform. So Claude is sort of our go-to tool for now.
Where I've found it extremely helpful is to be able to continuously build on these profiles. Whenever we're trying to solve a specific user problem, it can help us flag for any inconsistencies, or where we're leaning too far into one user problem, and what are the trade-offs that we're going to be having to work around.
Has it sped up your development process?
Yes, absolutely. Because the engineering has become so much more efficient, product and design have to keep up with the same pace. Even doing user research and creating artifacts around users, it can go from a process that used to take weeks to days, hours.
Whenever you unclench or unblock a particular part of the bottleneck, that usually makes other bottlenecks apparent. What has become the new bottleneck that you can spend your time on, now that some of that development stuff has been freed up?
That is a great question. I think because we have so many cycles that we can iterate on — at what point is something in a place where we can move forward with it? Because you are layering different tools, different models, but also the human element. I think it's the human part, really — being able to look at whatever output you're getting and evaluate it, and then think about it from feasibility and the actual implementation of something.
That dashes into the deeper question, which I think is spot on here as a product leader. Now that you can iterate, now that you can produce at so much of a higher velocity, how do you determine that it's ready to put in front of the user?
You put it in front of the user. Those prototypes that, like I said, used to take weeks or days to create, we can create something that's clickable. We can show it to a user and we get their immediate feedback, which is part of what we live for — being able to see the instantaneous feedback, whether it's positive or not so positive.
Does it worry you that they can now change anything? Because you can iterate so quickly, everything is off the table, I imagine.
Yeah, it does create a bit of — you know, where you're working a lot longer than you should be, because there's just this volume of ideas. There's always something to explore, something to pick at. I think that's become a problem for me, just a work-life balance.
Well, time is finite, but stuff is infinite. So just because you're sorting yourself time in this thing, you'll find another way to fill it out. How have these new tools changed how you approach hiring or team building?
To be honest, I don't think it's changed that much. Of course, it will help expedite looking through portfolios and resumes. But when you're meeting a person and you're talking with them in a live format, you're still looking for the same attributes of someone who is a self-starter, can think about an objective, and can work autonomously toward that objective. Someone who's just good to work with as a person.
But I imagine you need less of them than you used to, especially on the software developer side.
I think it's a little bit — just because the velocity changes doesn't mean that what we want to accomplish decreases. In fact, it increases. Your aspirations get loftier. So I don't know whether that's a good or bad thing. But hiring, we're continuing to hire. I think we're all trying to become more fluent with these tools — someone who understands how to use them, who has an attitude of being able to experiment and being able to combine, and again, being able to bring a human element to the process.
How many engineers do you guys work with?
We have about 40 developers.
Have you found that their productivity has gone up, or that the ones that are more product-minded — a lot of people are asking the question, what does development look like in 12 months? Some of us are like, well, coding's dead, but the product-oriented people are where they're going to rise. What are you feeling? What are you seeing?
Yes, the velocity has increased tremendously. I'll let them speak in terms of the quality — I'm not going to necessarily judge that. But our firm is engineering-driven, so there's a lot of discussion around setting up different processes in terms of reviewing code and creating code, and migrating from this identity of a developer to a developer who knows how to become more efficient and smarter at their work. It's really interesting — there's a lot of enthusiasm for AI, which, you know, you never know what to expect when it comes to something that could potentially take your job. But I think it's fully embraced on the teams that we have, and people are finding new and creative ways to use it.
One of the recurrent themes that I find talking with people: Scrum is a 30-year-old framework that we use for the software development lifecycle. AI is so new — all of these new tools are so new and changing so often that everyone's individually developing frameworks inside of their company, but there is no ubiquitous, universal one out there. Have you guys built internal frameworks for the team to follow? Or is there anything out there where you say, "Oh, these guys are doing that, this is great"?
Yeah, we have a combination of tools. We are in the process of building our own project management tool where we're moving all of our tickets into components that really are more related to a business objective. Whereas before we had lots of small technical tasks that were very difficult to map to overall objectives. So we're able to customize our own process. I think we do things a little bit differently because we are smaller, and we have different types of stakeholders, so we have different reporting needs.
So, distributed team. Are there any hubs of people doing knowledge share, or is everything remote?
Physically we have a hub in Austin, but a lot of our core team members are in different time zones. So a lot of our communication — despite the fact that there's a concentration of us in Austin — we still conduct either async, or over video calls, or Slack.
So outsourced engineering team in India, or...?
No, they're all internal.
The shift that happens with an organization of 40 people is a very intensive process, so I'm wondering how that process is working. If they're in person, fully distributed, async, in different time zones — different time zones meaning overseas, or just East Coast / West Coast?
Certainly our customers — we have customers in Asia, Australia. We have developers in Tel Aviv. So it is very much a remote, virtual type of work environment.
With all of these agents, shifting gears for a little bit — what is the most exciting part about this review and the changes? What are you enjoying?
I enjoy not having to do some of the documentation that is required with product — being able to create requirement documents. A lot of the standard product work that I don't like to do is automated for me now. So I'm really excited about that. A lot of people get into product because we're interested in the end user and the user experience and solving that problem for them. When you spend a lot of your day writing out detailed requirements, it sucks the energy out of that process.
Are you worried at all about skill atrophy from outsourcing that stuff?
That's a great question. I do find myself defaulting to AI when I'm feeling lazy or when I'm in a hurry. There is a cost to that cognitively, and to building my own knowledge base of what's actually happening. So yeah, I do think about it.
What are you trying to do to force yourself to stay sharp?
I try to devote my attention to the problem at hand. If I'm close to the problem, if I can devote more of my attention and energy to where I think it matters more, then I feel like I can stay relevant to what the team needs from me.
Conversely, what, if anything, is keeping you up at night right now?
When you mentioned hiring — the one thing that does keep me up at night is, we're not hiring as many junior people. This can be developers, this can be product people, designers. We tend to hire for senior-level employees. I think about the sustainability of our operation and being able to ensure that a lot of the expertise and the knowledge that our senior-level people have — being able to train the next cycle of people. I wonder when we're going to hit that moment of, everybody's retiring or moving on, and we've got all of our skills and expertise going with it.
Yeah, we're spending so much time birthing this new child of AI that we might be ignoring the next generation. That is unfortunate. But at least we worry about it, as opposed to the baby boomers who are just kind of like, "Yeah, we're..."
...just going to retire in our big house.
UX is actually something that I'm hitting up a lot. I came up with a TV background, and what this all says to me is, the medium is the message. What the platform is, dictates what content it contains. One thing that I'm noticing with these new AI tools: it's a brand-new way for people to interact with the world. The UX is changing. People aren't doing as many Google searches as they once did. They're not engaging with the internet or social media in the same way that they did. You're in video conferencing or video streaming, which is a very active experience. Are you seeing any UX changes coming about because of this stuff, or thinking about what the future interaction with it looks like at all?
Yeah, it's something that we do think about a lot, because right now, for our users, video is extremely labor-intensive. Our core, our grassroots community — passion activities where your end user is going to be someone who's using a consumer-grade device. They're not going to have the professional equipment or the lighting. They're just going to want to pick up their phone and hit go. So there's that piece of it, but there's also: they don't want to have to flip through reels and cut clips. They want that to be done automatically.
So we think a lot about how AI models fit into our pipeline — the video pipeline — and that's one thing that we are designing for. It's to be invisible, really, to the user. The experience is, it's just done for you. Our pipeline is designed so that AI as a model is a native component to our pipeline.
Today, the way that a lot of AI models work with video is that you capture the video, and then the AI model lives in a different place. That video gets shipped to the AI model, it does its processing, and it comes back. That can take — sometimes it could take days, sometimes minutes. What we've thought about is being able to treat those AI models as a first-class citizen — so they're sitting right next to the video and everything is happening in real time. It may not matter for a lot of cases — if you're creating a video reel for highlights for athletes, recruitment, the time doesn't necessarily matter. But if you're a parent on the sidelines and you're watching your kid make this unbelievable move, you want to be able to instantaneously clip that and share it with your family. So we're building a pipeline that can enable that.
We interviewed somebody two or three weeks ago that was building video tech around depositions to do real-time sentiment analysis based on voice, look, feeling — all of the things that AI isn't quite doing yet. "Oh, they squinted their eyes, they must be lying." That's really interesting. There's some fascinating stuff coming out there.
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