Bharath Hariharan
Who's going to carry the baton forward?
In this interview, Bharath Hariharan, former VP of Apps Engineering at ID.me, explains how AI has collapsed the distance between an idea and a real product, to the point where he now builds travel, options-trading and sensor-driven foosball apps on his own. He traces his path from Garmin's Android phones through more than a decade building Salesforce mobile, Procore's Vision Pro work and ID.me's apps organization, and describes how he picks problems now that simple wrapper apps have no moat. He and Josh debate whether tech is losing its status as the money job, and Bharath warns that companies skipping new grads leave no one to carry the baton when senior engineers retire. He closes by asking what a computer science degree should actually teach now.

Bharath Hariharan is the former VP of Apps Engineering at ID.me, where he started the company's mobile team, shipped its first native mobile products and went on to lead the entire apps organization. Today he is building on his own while he works out what comes next.
Bharath started his career in 2007 at Garmin, on a small team building the company's Android phones. He then spent more than a decade at Salesforce, where he was one of the first engineers on its mobile team and grew into roles as a software architect and senior director of engineering. At Procore he led innovation work where software meets hardware, including Vision Pro experiments that model construction sites in 3D.
“The speed at which an idea becomes a real product is so much faster with AI.”
Bharath's core argument is that AI has made software cheap enough to build that one engineer can take an idea to a product alone, so tools are no longer the hard part. The real risk is people: companies have stopped hiring and mentoring junior engineers, and computer science education is reacting to AI instead of deciding which fundamentals still matter.
"At the root of it all, I'm just a builder who's really passionate about technology," Bharath explains. "I like to be a true multiplier. I like to help people succeed and I find joy in that as well."
The conversation
In this conversation: Josh Rubin (Host, CTO Studio) and Bharath Hariharan (Former VP of Apps Engineering, ID.me).
Right now, I am figuring out what I want to do next. I was most recently a VP of Apps Engineering at ID.me. And before that, I spent a long career at Salesforce, where I witnessed some amazing growth and was fortunate enough to grow with the company and wore many hats as a software engineering architect, as a senior director of engineering. Just did a whole lot of different things in engineering and product. But at the root of it all, I'm just a builder who's really passionate about technology and trying to build new cool things and use all the tools that we have.
Okay, so you're in the place now where you've got the luxury of figuring out exactly what you want to do as opposed to executing on someone else's vision.
Yeah, basically.
How'd you get in that position?
Well, it's been quite the journey. So what's interesting is I always talk about how I started my career. I started my career when Steve Jobs announced the iPhone, in 2007 or whatever. So I joined Garmin back then, which made GPS units, and they saw the revolution coming. Just like most other companies there, Android was a fledgling open source project and it allowed big companies or other companies to build their own mobile phones. So I joined a small tactical team at Garmin that was tasked with building mobile phones. And that's where my love for mobile started. So I worked on basically every layer of the stack. I was a sponge, I was absorbing all that tech had to offer. I worked on device drivers, I worked on apps, I worked on platforms. And we put out two beautiful phones at Garmin, the nüvifone and the Garminfone. They were not really successful as mobile phones because they were competing with the likes of Motorola and HTC and so on and so forth. But those units got repurposed as GPS units and they were super successful in that space. So that's kind of how I started. And from there on, I moved to Salesforce as one of the first few engineers that was helping build up the mobile team there. And that went on for more than a decade where I wore multiple hats. And yeah, that was a fun journey, after which I took a little break like most people in Silicon Valley do, travel the world and so on and so forth. And then I joined Procore, which was in the construction SaaS space. It was very interesting to me because it was the intersection of software and hardware. It was something that I hadn't done before. I led some innovation over there, like conceptual devices like the Procore lens. The Vision Pro had just come out from Apple. Experimented with that with 3D modeling of construction project sites and being able to report defects directly from your Vision Pro into software and so on and so forth. And that was an amazing journey as well. And after that, I joined ID.me, where I brought the mobile team to life and put out the first set of mobile products and went on to lead the entire apps organization. And that was quite the transformation as well, because that was an interesting journey because AI was accelerating so fast. And I'm sure we'll talk more about that. But I think that really helped chart what I wanted to do next and how I want to take that forward as well.
All right, so then I think I want to dig into what you want to do next, because I honestly think anybody who is looking at the technological acceleration that's happening right now is in a constant state of what the hell do I want to do next, or do I need to do next? How do I skate as close to the edge to maintain either relevance or passion or any of those things? So what is driving you and what do you think you're driving towards?
That's a great question. So a lot of exciting things. When I was traveling, my girlfriend and I were talking about building cool apps. We were thinking we should build travel apps, right? We should help people discover the joy of travel and make it easy for them, right? Now, back then when we first started traveling, building an app like that would involve either many hours of my effort coding on weekends and so on and so forth, or hire a small tactical team that would be able to build this, and I would give product direction, and then we would have to create UX separately. We'd have a designer. So we'd have to have a small surgical team. Now that's all different, right? So since I left ID.me, what I've been tinkering around with is the speed at which an idea becomes a real product is so much faster with AI. So I've been building apps myself. I've been working on a couple of apps in areas that I'm passionate about. One is options trading. Another is the travel space. But I'm also exploring options at the intersection of software and hardware, which I find very interesting now because I feel like software has been democratized to an extent. I'm an engineer, so naturally my artistic talents aren't great and I don't design pages very well. But being able to use Claude Design for that has been a godsend. It's been pretty amazing for me to be able to design rich websites and app experiences just by prompt engineering. So I can focus on the technology and the architecture, which is the stuff that I'm good at.
So I guess the question, though, boils down to: as an engineer, you're a problem solver. That's what engineers typically gear themselves to.
We're kind of in this phase where the industry's evolving, right? And we don't know which direction it's gonna go. I think what's pretty obvious is the frontier AI companies are basically doing more and more of it. So the simple wrapper apps are not really something that probably add a lot of value anymore.
The problem that you're trying to solve is, I guess, I need to make money at some point, which is I think what a lot of us are faced with. Sociologically, it's capitalism, we all just live here. As you look at this technology, there's no moat. So how are you trying to define what problem to go after?
That's a great question. So what I've been focused on is driven by passion. What am I passionate about, right? So travel is a space that I'm definitely passionate about. So I've been thinking about ideas like, what can I bring to that space that's not already there? What kind of disruption can I bring there? Some other areas that I've been thinking about is the intersection of hardware and software, like I talked about. Obviously, there's sensor-based things that we can do that could be very interesting. So for example, vehicle tracking, that could be something that's very interesting, by utilizing hardware, because back in the day, even if you had all that sensor data, you would have to mine all that data and processing time would take forever. Now with AI and with GPUs and things like that, we can certainly accelerate that and it's much, much faster, lower cost. So something at the intersection of hardware and software sounds very interesting.
That's a broad category, though.
It is.
So do you have a timeline for yourself? Like, I'm devoted to figuring out what I wanna be when I grow up in this next iteration in six months, a week, a year.
I haven't set myself a timeline, and the beauty of being in the position that I'm in is that I'm fortunate to not have to set a timeline. So it's quite the experience where I can basically go and pick whatever passion project I have every week and start working on it. And how I evaluate it is at the end of the week, am I more passionate about it? Am I less passionate about it? Am I feeling more confident about it or less confident about it? And then once you start building something and you visualize something, that's when I get a sense of, can I actually commoditize this? Can I build a business plan around this? Who would want this? What's the market share like for a product like this? Those are the types of things that I'm thinking through, but right now I'm very much in tinkering phase. I'm still very much enjoying the building part.
You're leaving yourself open to the universe at a time the universe is chaotic. And so I guess, is your journey about letting life find me, letting the technology and the passion find you, or what do you find, like, what motivates you? Travel is a thing to do that you enjoy, but what is it about that that motivates you? What are those things?
That is a great question. So travel itself excites me, but it recharges me more than anything so that I can come back to tech, which is what I'm really passionate about. Within tech specifically, like I said, I've always been a builder, but I've also always been a people person, right? So throughout my journey of leadership, it all boils down to people, process and tools, right? Those are the simple three pillars that everyone operates on in engineering leadership. Finding the right people for specific business domains or expertise, that's important. Tools are largely, quote unquote, solved right now with AI. You have amazing tools like Claude, you have amazing AI tools. So that's basically democratized development, design, product management, those types of areas. It's the glue that binds all this together and makes the universe function the way it's supposed to function. So what I've been passionate about is, I saw the mobile phone, and what really makes me tick is rapid acceleration and feature delivery, right? That excites me because I wanna bring something to the forefront. When I started working at Garmin, I had the opportunity to either work on the mobile phone division or I could work on airplane software. They told me that with airplane software, the code you write today would be released 10 years from now because of compliance and safety checks and all that stuff. It's great, beautiful, very important work, but it wasn't for me. So that rapid acceleration is what drives me. And then it's a bit of both. To answer your question about do I wait for the universe to find me? In some sense, yes. But I'm also sort of a driver in terms of not just technology, but people. I like to be a true multiplier. I like to help people succeed and I find joy in that as well. So a lot of mentorship, a lot of engineering leadership, organizational design, those types of facets of engineering leadership also excite me a lot.
You're talking about meaning, ultimately.
I am.
And how you gain meaning from work, which is frankly what America had. There's an interesting arc of our economy, which is why has religion fallen away? Well, it's because work has replaced it in terms of where we derive our meaning. Our community is at our office. Our work best friend is more important than the seven other people that I'm at my religious institution with. And some of the anxiety that's built around AI comes from, well, if work is changing, am I gonna have a job? Without my job, who am I? How do I derive my meaning in this new environment? AI is stepping into that space and can be used either to frankly strip all meaning away or potentially give you a new way of finding your meaning.
I feel like in America, there's always been one field that's, quote unquote, high paying, and everyone wants to gravitate towards that field. This is the most successful field. Finance in the 80s, it was tech starting with the 90s. But now tech, it feels like what AI has done is by democratizing tech, it's made that almost less desirable, right? Tech salaries are going down, but tech has become a fabric of everything that gets built going forward, right? So in that sense, that has changed. Building passionate tech is not necessarily about meaning anymore. AI can actually give people more time to do things that they find in the real world that are more meaningful, but I don't know how the economics of that is gonna play out. That's what remains to be seen.
I also don't buy it yet. In my own experience right now, humans fill up their time. Does AI make you more productive? Can it compress eight hours of work into an hour of work? Yes. You're still gonna fill up that other seven hours of work with something else. You're not just gonna go off and take a nap. Or your employer, if they're paying your salary, is not going to pay you for the seven hours you spent napping. It will take such a radical redefinition of American-style capitalism and the American way of life. I'm not saying that doesn't happen, because it may very well need it, but it's too soon to say that AI is going to lead us all to lives of leisure.
Absolutely, I completely agree with you. In fact, what I think will happen is, a lot of people do computer science degrees because they wanna enter into tech. I think over the next 20 years, they'll probably change to more students wanting to go back into medicine, more students wanting to go back into other real hands-on kind of projects that are, quote unquote, more safe, perhaps, as opposed to tech being a part of everything, because tech's gonna be a part of that job as well. Tech's gonna be a part of medicine through robotics. Tech's gonna be a part of the industrial revolution. Everything else.
Well, I mean, that speaks to the question. Did people go into tech because they were passionate about tech, or did they go into tech because your parents told you, well, this is the way you're gonna make money? You need to be an engineer, you need to be a doctor, you need to do the things so that you can...
Definitely a combination of both. I think there's only a subset of people that went into tech because they were passionate about tech, but I think a majority of people actually went into tech within the past 10, 15 years to make money, because that's where it pays the most, right? And that's probably gonna change, which means the percentage of people that go into tech will change, but hiring changes, obviously, right? So it's just supply and demand at the end of it.
Yeah, look, we've only been able to choose our career based on passion for about 20 minutes at this point. It's been slightly longer, or maybe the same length of time, we've been able to get married for love. These have always historically been transactional subsistence decisions. In this era, you're in the position where you can tinker. So what's getting you out of bed in the morning?
It's a great question. So automation, automation of a lot of things at home.
Did you just say automation is getting you out of bed in the morning?
Interesting home automation projects, right? So I play foosball for passion. That's another thing I do. I compete in local tournaments and stuff like that. So I've been playing around with sensors and building an app for it to measure efficiency on the foosball table. What's my best chance of scoring a goal on a foosball table? What are the accuracy numbers around that? And then using AI to automatically stream the videos, slice it up, and provide highlights and things like that. So, like I said, it's just tinkering with projects that are part of my daily life that's getting me out of bed every morning. I'm like, I want to work on this thing today, and I want to see how far I can get with that.
So allowing you to deep dive into passion is what's getting you going.
Absolutely.
Lord knows you could not build a foosball-oriented, sensor-based television network in the pre-AI phase. And the ability to do something without a clear goal, to do it just for the love of the game, is a wonderful thing to be able to do.
It is, it certainly is. I feel very fortunate to be able to do it, but that's what life is about. It's about checks and balances, right? It's about recharging when you can and driving hard and being passionate, and going away and being able to do a 100% passion-based project, right? That's what really recharges my batteries. And then I come back and find an interesting space where I can contribute meaningfully. And that's where I feel like I like to challenge myself. So I also like to go to new areas that I haven't necessarily worked on and take on new challenges, maybe go to a smaller company and try and grow bigger. Challenges like that that I haven't tackled before are very exciting to me, because I am competitive and I pour my heart and soul into it and trying to make that successful.
What, if anything, is causing you anxiety right now?
I wouldn't call it anxiety, but I am concerned for the future of... everyone says the future of tech is nebulous and we need to figure it out. But even in my previous job, when I hired new CS grads, you kind of wonder what is the path for them in terms of mentorship. And there's some companies that have taken the approach of, we're not gonna hire new grads because we want these experienced business domain experts and they're gonna handle everything with AI. Well, that's great, because back in the day, you would hire new grads to help with coding speed with clearly defined tasks. And then you would mentor them and they would grow to understand the business domain and so on and so forth. We don't do so much of that anymore. What causes me worry is if we don't invest in the future of tech in people, what happens? Someday all of these staff engineers and principal engineers are gonna retire, and then what? Who's gonna carry the baton forward? That's one of the things that makes me wonder what exactly is that gonna entail or how is that gonna look.
So what is your plan to address that? You can't be spending all of your time building foosball sensors. Alleviating anxiety is often the whole point.
Yeah, I think I've been thinking about this a bit too in terms of computer science, right? Computer science as a structured program. When I went to school for a master's in computer science, the kind of stuff that I learned was memory management and threading and all these core computer concepts that are still probably taught in school in a master's program. But this reminds me of an interview that I did for a principal engineer a few years ago, and he said, "I don't deal with multi-threading." And I'm like, "What do you mean? This is one of the foundational concepts." And he was like, "I don't have to deal with it. Libraries do that for me now. Why do I have to know it?" And to be fair, I didn't have a solid answer for him. I was like, "What am I gonna say to that? You're great at your job, cool." And AI is stripping away more and more of those foundationals of computer science, or the, quote unquote, importance of learning those concepts. So one of the areas that I've been thinking about is what should a computer science degree look like? What is the structure for that? What should we be teaching? Obviously, everyone's starting to adapt and teach a lot of the tools and how to use AI and machine learning models and things like that. Great, but that seems very reactionary as opposed to being proactive and figuring out what is actually computer science? What concepts are still very important? Architecture is still very important, I think, both hardware and software, right? So that's something that needs a lot of thinking. And I've started thinking about it. I don't really have any answers.
Anybody does. And it's not just computer science. It's actually education at large at this point.
Right, and I feel like the education industry can also be disrupted by AI, right? Obviously, there's a lot of things that you can make accessible to people much easier at their homes, that they can learn faster, learn more, more tools. So it's great. I think the future is exciting.
Well, thank you very much.
Thank you.
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